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Great Stockholm Fire 1759
The Great Stockholm Fire 1759 was the city’s greatest fire after 1686. It raged in the Eastern Södermalm on Thursday July 19 and over the following night, reduced about 20 blocks with about 300 houses to ash, and made about 2000 persons homeless. While no deaths were reported, there were 19 injuries. In Sweden, the fire is named ''Mariabranden'' (Swedish ''brand'' = fire) after the Maria Magdalena Church, which was severely damaged. Outside Sweden, the fire is most famous because an occult anecdote claims the scientist and mystic Emanuel Swedenborg by a sort of clairvoyance could ”see” the fire from Gothenburg.
==Before the fire==
In the 18th century, fire was a serious threat to urban centers. In Northern Europe, most houses were made of wood, and often were built very close to adjoining structures. Open fires were used for cooking, heating, and light. When a fire did break out, firefighting mainly depended on bucket or pail teams, in addition to fire axes and equipment to tear downs houses for firebreakes. Like most major cities, Stockholm did not have any professional firefighters at that time. As cities expanded in the 17th and 18th centuries, fires too became more threatening, as with the Great Fire of London, the Great Fire of Copenhagen 1728, and the Great Fire of Bergen 1702.
The same was true in Sweden. During the century before 1759, Sweden had at least 30 fires which destroyed entire towns or cities. In addition, the Russians had burned down more than 20 cities or towns in the period 1714-1721, as a part of the Great Northern War. In 1751, the year before Karlstad burned for the third time since 1616, a violent fire (in Sweden named ''Klarabranden'') had destroyed several hundred houses in Stockholm. It had started on Norrmalm (north of Södermalm) during a whole gale and grew into a firestorm. Some copper plates, glowing with heat from the fire, blew above Riddarfjärden (an arm of the sea Mälaren), at least 400 m, and set fire to buildings on Södermalm, too.〔http://www.brandhistoriska.org/olyckor_se.html; in Swedish〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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